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This is the NASA repository of the ExoMars/NOMAD instrument data (PI:Vandaele, IASB-BIRA, Belgium). The Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery (NOMAD) instrument is part of the payload of the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter 2016. It conducts a spectroscopic survey of Mars' atmosphere in UV, visible and IR wavelengths covering the 0.2-0.65 and 2-4.7 μm spectral ranges. NOMAD is composed of 3 channels: a solar occultation only channel (SO) operating in the infrared wavelength domain, a second infrared channel capable of doing nadir, but also solar occultation and limb observations (LNO), and an ultraviolet/visible channel (UVIS) that can work in all observation modes.
 
NASA-GSFC team: Villanueva (co-I), Mumma (co-I), Smith (co-I), Liuzzi, Faggi, Stone, Crismani (former), Knutsen (former), Khayat
ESA official mission site: link to site 		ExoMars mission

Calibration methodologies and procedures
Since 2017, we have investigated NOMAD calibration data (mini-scans / full-scans) in order to determine calibration methodologies and procedures in order to properly interpret the high-resolution data of the NOMAD instrument (both channels, Solar-Occultation [SO] and Nadir [LNO]). Below, we summarize the main documents describing these methods and findings. Please do not hesitate if you have questions or comments on how to implement these calibration methods.
 
Presentation on the ILS Characterization of the SO channel
Authors: Liuzzi and Villanueva
Date: 24/May/2021

 
Report on the ILS Characterization of the SO channel
Authors: Liuzzi and Villanueva
Date: 24/May/2021

 
Presentation on the AOTF Characterization of the SO channel
Authors: Villanueva and Liuzzi
Date: 24/May/2021

 
Report on the AOTF Characterization of the SO channel
Authors: Villanueva and Liuzzi
Date: 24/May/2021

 
Double ILS calibration for the SO channel
Authors: Villanueva
Date: 4/May/2020

 
AOTF and ILS calibration methodologies for the SO channel
Authors: Villanueva and Liuzzi
Date: 3/Oct/2018

 
AOTF Calibration methods and results for ExoMars/NOMAD SO and LNO
Authors: Liuzzi and Villanueva
Date: 28/Aug/2017

 
Available Datasets associated to NOMAD publications
Strong variability of Martian water ice clouds during dust storms revealed from ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter/NOMAD
Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR) Planets, 2019-2020 (Under review)
 
Giuliano Liuzzi, Geronimo L. Villanueva, Matteo M. J. Crismani, Michael D. Smith, Michael J. Mumma, Frank Daerden, Shohei Aoki, Ann Carine Vandaele, R. Todd Clancy, Justin Erwin, Ian Thomas, Bojan Ristic, José-Juan Lopez-Moreno , Giancarlo Bellucci, Manish R. Patel
 
Observations of water ice clouds and aerosols on Mars can provide important insights into the complexity of the water cycle. Recent observations have indicated an important link between dust activity and the water cycle, as intense dust activity can significantly raise the hygropause, and subsequently increase the escape of water after dissociation in the upper atmosphere. Here present observations from NOMAD/TGO that investigate the variation of water ice clouds in the perihelion season of Mars Year 34 (April 2018-19), their diurnal and seasonal behavior, and the vertical structure and microphysical properties of water ice and dust. These observations reveal the recurrent presence of a layer of mesospheric water ice clouds subsequent to the 2018 Global Dust Storm. We show that this layer rose from 45 to 80 km in altitude on a timescale of days from heating in the lower atmosphere due to the storm. In addition, we demonstrate that there is a strong dawn dusk asymmetry in water ice abundance, related to nighttime nucleation and subsequent daytime sublimation. Water ice particle sizes are retrieved consistently and exhibit sharp vertical gradients (from 0.1 to 4.0 um), as well as mesospheric differences between the Global Dust Storm (<0.5 um) and the 2019 regional dust storm (1.0 um), which suggests differing water ice nucleation efficiencies. These results form the basis to advance our understanding of mesospheric water ice clouds on Mars, and further constrain the interactions between water ice and dust in the middle atmosphere.
 
Retrieved dust and water ice concentration and particle size over time
Files: 8 (compressed to 5.5 Mbytes)
Date: 27/Dec/2019

 

Refereed Publications


  1. Villanueva, Geronimo L. et al., Water heavily fractionated as it ascends on Mars as revealed by ExoMars/NOMAD, Science Advances, Volume 7, eabc8843 (2021)
    JournalPress
  2. Smith, Michael D.; Daerden, Frank; Neary, Lori; Khayat, Alain S. J.; Holmes, James A.; Patel, Manish R.; Villanueva, Geronimo; Liuzzi, Giuliano; Thomas, Ian R.; Ristic, Bojan; Bellucci, Giancarlo; Lopez-Moreno, Jose Juan; Vandaele, Ann Carine; The climatology of carbon monoxide on Mars as observed by NOMAD nadir-geometry observations, Icarus, Vol:362 pp114404, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114404 (2021)
    ADSJournal
  3. Knutsen, Elise W.; Villanueva, Geronimo L.; Liuzzi, Giuliano; Crismani, Matteo M. J.; Mumma, Michael J.; Smith, Michael D.; Vandaele, Ann Carine; Aoki, Shohei; Thomas, Ian R.; Daerden, Frank; Viscardy, Sébastien; Erwin, Justin T.; Trompet, Loic; Neary, Lori; Ristic, Bojan; Lopez-Valverde, Miguel Angel; Lopez-Moreno, Jose Juan; Patel, Manish R.; Karatekin, Ozgur; Bellucci, Giancarlo; Comprehensive investigation of Mars methane and organics with ExoMars/NOMAD, Icarus, Vol:357 pp114266, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114266 (2021)
    ADSJournal
  4. Neary, L. et al. (Villanueva, Geronimo); Explanation for the Increase in High-Altitude Water on Mars Observed by NOMAD During the 2018 Global Dust Storm, Geophysical Research Letters, Vol:47-7 ppe84354, doi:10.1029/2019GL084354 (2020)
    ADSJournal
  5. Liuzzi, Giuliano; Villanueva, Geronimo L.; Crismani, Matteo M. J.; Smith, Michael D.; Mumma, Michael J.; Daerden, Frank; Aoki, Shohei; Vandaele, Ann Carine; Clancy, R. Todd; Erwin, Justin; Thomas, Ian; Ristic, Bojan; Lopez-Moreno, José-Juan; Bellucci, Giancarlo; Patel, Manish R.; Strong Variability of Martian Water Ice Clouds During Dust Storms Revealed From ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter/NOMAD, Journal of Geophysical Research (Planets), Vol:125-4 ppe06250, doi:10.1029/2019JE006250 (2020)
    ADSJournalarXiv
  6. Aoki, S.; Vandaele, A. C.; Daerden, F.; Villanueva, G. L.; Liuzzi, G.; Thomas, I. R.; Erwin, J. T.; Trompet, L.; Robert, S.; Neary, L.; Viscardy, S.; Clancy, R. T.; Smith, M. D.; Lopez-Valverde, M. A.; Hill, B.; Ristic, B.; Patel, M. R.; Bellucci, G.; Lopez-Moreno, J. -J.; Water Vapor Vertical Profiles on Mars in Dust Storms Observed by TGO/NOMAD, Journal of Geophysical Research (Planets), Vol:124-12 pp3482, doi:10.1029/2019JE006109 (2019)
    ADSJournal
  7. Vandaele, Ann Carine et al. (Villanueva, Geronimo); Publisher Correction: Martian dust storm impact on atmospheric H2O and D/H observed by ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, Nature, Vol:569-7754 ppE1, doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1163-x (2019)
    ADSJournal
  8. Korablev, Oleg et al. (Villanueva, Geronimo); No detection of methane on Mars from early ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter observations, Nature, Vol:568-7753 pp517, doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1096-4 (2019)
    ADSJournal
  9. Vandaele, Ann Carine et al. (Villanueva, Geronimo); Martian dust storm impact on atmospheric H2O and D/H observed by ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, Nature, Vol:568-7753 pp521, doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1097-3 (2019)
    ADSJournal
  10. Liuzzi, Giuliano; Villanueva, Geronimo L.; Mumma, Michael J.; Smith, Michael D.; Daerden, Frank; Ristic, Bojan; Thomas, Ian; Vandaele, Ann Carine; Patel, Manish R.; Lopez-Moreno, José-Juan; Bellucci, Giancarlo; NOMAD Team; Methane on Mars: New insights into the sensitivity of CH4 with the NOMAD/ExoMars spectrometer through its first in-flight calibration, Icarus, Vol:321 pp671, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2018.09.021 (2019)
    ADSJournalarXiv
  11. Villanueva, G. L.; Smith, M. D.; Protopapa, S.; Faggi, S.; Mandell, A. M.; Planetary Spectrum Generator: An accurate online radiative transfer suite for atmospheres, comets, small bodies and exoplanets, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol:217 pp86, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2018.05.023 (2018)
    ADSJournalarXiv
  12. Vandaele, A. C. et al. (Villanueva, Geronimo); NOMAD, an Integrated Suite of Three Spectrometers for the ExoMars Trace Gas Mission: Technical Description, Science Objectives and Expected Performance, Space Science Reviews, Vol:214-5 pp80, doi:10.1007/s11214-018-0517-2 (2018)
    ADSJournal
  13. Devi, V. Malathy; Benner, D. Chris; Sung, Keeyoon; Crawford, Timothy J.; Gamache, Robert R.; Renaud, Candice L.; Smith, Mary Ann H.; Mantz, Arlan W.; Villanueva, Geronimo L.; Line parameters for CO2- and self-broadening in the ν3 band of HD16O, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol:203 pp158, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2017.02.020 (2017)
    ADSJournal
  14. Devi, V. Malathy; Benner, D. Chris; Sung, Keeyoon; Crawford, Timothy J.; Gamache, Robert R.; Renaud, Candice L.; Smith, Mary Ann H.; Mantz, Arlan W.; Villanueva, Geronimo L.; Line parameters for CO2- and self-broadening in the ν1 band of HD16O, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol:203 pp133, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2017.01.032 (2017)
    ADSJournal
  15. Devi, V. Malathy; Benner, D. Chris; Sung, Keeyoon; Crawford, Timothy J.; Gamache, Robert R.; Renaud, Candice L.; Smith, Mary Ann H.; Mantz, Arlan W.; Villanueva, Geronimo L.; Line parameters for CO2 broadening in the ν2 band of HD16O, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol:187 pp472, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.10.004 (2017)
    ADSJournal
  16. Robert, S. et al. (Villanueva, Geronimo); Expected performances of the NOMAD/ExoMars instrument, Planetary and Space Science, Vol:124 pp94, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2016.03.003 (2016)
    ADSJournal
  17. Vandaele, A. C. et al. (Villanueva, Geronimo); Science objectives and performances of NOMAD, a spectrometer suite for the ExoMars TGO mission, Planetary and Space Science, Vol:119 pp233, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2015.10.003 (2015)
    ADSJournal